圓柱滾子軸承（Cylindrical roller bearings）

 

　　圓柱滾子軸承屬于精密軸承，精密分選的滾子郵軸圈的擋邊引導(dǎo)，由保持架、滾子和引導(dǎo)軸圈組成，可與另一個(gè)軸承套圈分離，屬于可分離型軸承。此種軸承安裝、拆卸比較方便，尤其是當(dāng)要求內(nèi)、外圈與軸、殼體都是過(guò)盈配合時(shí)更顯示其優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

 

　　Cylindrical roller bearings belong to precision bearings. Precision sorting roller postshaft rings are guided by the guard edge. They are composed of cages, rollers and guide rings. They can be separated from another bearing ring and belong to separable bearings. This kind of bearing is easy to install and disassemble, especially when the inner and outer rings are required to fit with the shafts and shells with interference.

 

　　此類軸承與滾道為線接觸軸承。負(fù)荷能力大，主要承受徑向負(fù)荷。只有內(nèi)、外圈均帶擋邊的單列軸承可隨較小的定常軸向載荷或較大的間歇軸向載荷；與外形尺寸相同的其他累承相比，此種軸承具有高載荷，底噪音和高轉(zhuǎn)速的特性，并且滾動(dòng)體與套圈擋邊摩擦小，適于高速旋轉(zhuǎn)。非常適用與各種精密機(jī)械和礦山軋機(jī)機(jī)械上。但對(duì)與此類軸承配合的軸，滾動(dòng)體等相關(guān)零件需要精密加工而成。

 

　　The bearings and raceway are linear contact bearings. Heavy load capacity, mainly bear radial load. only single-row bearings with inner and outer rings with retaining edges can be subjected to smaller constant axial load or larger intermittent axial load; compared with other bearings with the same size, such bearings have the characteristics of high load, bottom noise and high speed, and the friction between the roller and the retaining edge of the ring is small, so they are suitable for high-speed rotation. Very suitable for all kinds of precision machinery and mine rolling mill machinery. However, the relevant parts such as shafts and rollers, which are suitable for such bearings, need precise machining.

 

　　根據(jù)套圈有無(wú)擋邊，可以分有NU、NJ、NUP、N、NF等單列圓柱滾子軸承，及NNU、NN等雙列圓柱滾子軸承。該軸承是內(nèi)圈、外圈可分離的結(jié)構(gòu)。

 

　　According to whether the rings have retaining edges or not, it can be divided into single row cylindrical roller bearings such as NU, NJ, NUP, N, NF, and double row cylindrical roller bearings such as NNU, NN. The bearing is a separable structure of inner ring and outer ring.

 

　　內(nèi)圈或外圈無(wú)擋邊的圓柱滾子軸承，其內(nèi)圈和外圈可以向軸向作相對(duì)移動(dòng)，所以可以作為自由端軸承使用。在內(nèi)圈和外圈的某一側(cè)有雙擋邊，另一側(cè)的套圈有單個(gè)擋邊的圓柱滾子軸承，可以承受一定程度的一個(gè)方向軸向負(fù)荷。一般使用鋼板沖壓保持架，或銅合金車制實(shí)體保持架。但也有一部分使用聚酰胺成形保持架。

 

　　The inner ring and outer ring of cylindrical roller bearings without retaining edges can move relative to the axis, so they can be used as free end bearings. Cylindrical roller bearings with double retaining edges on one side of inner ring and outer ring and single retaining edge on the other side can bear a certain degree of axial load in one direction. Generally use solid stamping cage or copper alloy car to make solid cage. But some use polyamide forming cage.

　　滾針軸承（Needle bearing）

 

　　滾針軸承是帶圓柱滾子的滾子軸承，相對(duì)其直徑，滾子既細(xì)又長(zhǎng)。這種滾子稱為滾針。盡管具有較小的截面，軸承仍具有較高的負(fù)荷承受能力，滾針軸承裝有細(xì)而長(zhǎng)的滾子（滾子直徑D≤5mm，L/D≥2.5，L為滾子長(zhǎng)度），因此徑向結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，其內(nèi)徑尺寸和載荷能力與其它類型軸承相同時(shí)，外徑最小，特別適用于徑向安裝尺寸受限制的支承結(jié)構(gòu)。

 

　　Roller bearings are roller bearings with cylindrical rollers, and their diameters are very thin and long. This roller is called needle roller. Despite its small cross section, bearings still have high load bearing capacity. Needle roller bearings are equipped with slender and long rollers (roller diameter D < 5mm, L/D < 2.5, L is roller length). Therefore, the radial structure is compact. When the inner diameter size and load capacity are the same as other types of bearings, the outer diameter is the smallest, which is especially suitable for radial safety. A supporting structure with limited dimensions.

 

　　所以滾針軸承主要應(yīng)用于空間受限制的場(chǎng)合，所以在汽車，摩托車，紡機(jī)上應(yīng)用廣泛。而且滾針的內(nèi)圈是選配的，說(shuō)白了就是如果軸的硬度，粗糙度等符合要求的，可以不配內(nèi)圈(空間本來(lái)就有限)，但是如果軸的加工程度比較低，或者比較軟，則需要另配內(nèi)圈作為滾道。

 

　　So needle roller bearings are mainly used in space constrained occasions, so they are widely used in automobiles, motorcycles and spinning machines. Moreover, the inner ring of the needle is optional. In other words, if the hardness and roughness of the shaft meet the requirements, it can not match the inner ring (the space is limited), but if the workability of the shaft is relatively low, or relatively soft, it needs to be matched with the inner ring as the raceway.

 

　　圓柱滾子軸承和滾針軸承的區(qū)別如下：

 

　　The difference between cylindrical roller bearings and needle roller bearings is as follows:

 

　　1、圓柱滾子軸承的滾動(dòng)體是錐形滾軸；滾針軸承的滾動(dòng)體是針狀滾子；

 

　　1. The roller body of cylindrical roller bearing is a conical roller, and the roller body of needle roller bearing is needle roller.

 

　　2、圓柱滾子軸承的結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)滾針軸承要大；

 

　　2, the structure of cylindrical roller bearing is larger than that of needle roller bearing.

 

　　3、圓柱滾子除了能承受徑向力以外還能承受軸向力，而滾針滾針軸承只能承受徑向力；

 

　　3. Cylindrical roller can bear not only radial force but also axial force, while needle roller bearing can only bear radial force.

 

　　4、圓柱滾子軸承分單列雙列和多列，分別應(yīng)用到不同的環(huán)境和場(chǎng)合；

 

　　4, cylindrical roller bearings are divided into single row, double row and multiple columns, which are applied to different environments and occasions.

 

　　5、圓柱滾子軸承相對(duì)于滾針軸承的工作轉(zhuǎn)速要高；

 

　　5, cylindrical roller bearing relative to needle roller bearing high working speed.

 

　　6、圓柱滾子軸承一般都是選用優(yōu)質(zhì)的軸承鋼以及專用鋼材；而薄壁滾針軸承是選用鋼板沖壓而成的。

 

　　6. Cylindrical roller bearings are generally made of high quality bearing steel and special steel, while thin-walled needle roller bearings are stamped with steel plates.

 

　　適用場(chǎng)合（Application）

 

　　在機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)中，一般先確定軸的尺寸，然后，根據(jù)軸的尺寸選擇滾動(dòng)軸承。但是，當(dāng)軸承在機(jī)器的直徑方向受到限制時(shí)，則選用滾針軸承、特輕和超輕系列的球或滾子軸承；當(dāng)軸承在機(jī)器的軸向位置受到限制時(shí)，可選用窄的或特窄系列的球或滾子軸承。

 

　　In mechanical design, the size of the shaft is generally determined first, and then the rolling bearing is selected according to the size of the shaft. However, when the diameter direction of the bearing is limited, needle bearings, extra-light and ultra-light series ball or roller bearings are selected; when the axial position of the bearing is limited, narrow or ultra-narrow series ball or roller bearings are selected.

 

　　向心滾針與保持架組件、沖壓外圈滾針軸承、實(shí)體套圈滾針軸承、推力滾針軸承廣泛使用在汽車相關(guān)信息及工程機(jī)械的變速傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)、摩托車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)連桿等處，適用空間小、承載能力大的場(chǎng)合。滾針軸承裝有細(xì)而長(zhǎng)的滾子（滾子長(zhǎng)度為直徑的3——10倍，直徑一般不大于5mm），因此徑向結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，其內(nèi)徑尺寸和載荷能力與其他類型軸承相同時(shí)，外徑最小，特別適用于徑向安裝尺寸受限制的支承結(jié)果。

 

　　Centrifugal needle roller and cage components, stamped outer ring needle roller bearings, solid ring needle roller bearings, thrust needle roller bearings are widely used in automotive information and engineering machinery transmission systems, steering systems, motorcycle engine connecting rods and other places, suitable for small space, large load-carrying capacity occasions. Needle roller bearings are equipped with slender and long rollers (the length of the rollers is 3-10 times of the diameter, and the diameter is generally less than 5 mm), so the radial structure is compact. When the inner diameter size and load capacity of needle roller bearings are the same as other types of bearings, the outer diameter of needle roller bearings is the smallest, which is especially suitable for the bearing results with limited radial mounting size.